![]() ![]() 12 Compared with people without HIV, the odds of HCV infection in people with HIV are six times higher. A global systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between 20 estimated that there were 2.3 million cases of coinfection worldwide, with 1.3 million (58%) attributed to persons who inject drugs this translates to HCV coinfection prevalence of 6.2% among people with HIV. Given the shared transmission routes between HIV and HCV, estimates of the burden of HCV infection in people with HIV (HIV/HCV coinfection) have been highly variable depending on the comprehensiveness of databases analyzed. 10 Attributable mortality is highly variable among states and counties. 7 ,8 Despite variable state-level surveillance practices, 9 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) surveillance data from 2019 show regional differences in incidence and prevalence, increasing rates in rural areas, ongoing racial/ethnic disparities, and changing demographics, including a bimodal distribution of infections with peaks at 29 years and at 59 years of age. However, these may be offset by increases in incident cases due to the opioid crisis in vulnerable counties. 6 These updated lower prevalence estimates reflect interval trends, including increased cures with new treatment options and increasing death rates due to aging. ![]() 5 Comparable data from 2003 to 2010 showed that 4.6 million people were antibody positive and 3.5 million were living with current HCV infection. 4 In the United States, updated estimates for 2013 to 2016 are that approximately 4.1 million people were HCV antibody positive (past or current infection 1.7% of all adults) 2.4 million were HCV RNA positive (current infection 1% of all adults). In 2019, the estimated global prevalence of chronic HCV infection was 58 million (0.8% of general population), a decline from previous estimates of 71 million in 2015. 1-3 It is the most commonly reported bloodborne infection in the United States and is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality, particularly among people with HIV. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family with seven known genotypes and 84 subtypes, with genotypes 1 and 3 being most common worldwide. Epidemiology Prevalence and Incidence Estimates ![]()
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